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MST Edelstahlrohr GmbH MST Edelstahlrohr GmbH
    • Basket
    • Log in
      • Shop
      • Products
        • Instrumentation tubes
          Hydraulic tubes
          High pressure tubes
          Cleaned tubes
          High temperature tubes
          Coiled tubes
          Pre insulated tubes
          Multi core tubes
          Control line tubes
          Capillary tubes
          Chromatography tubes
      • About us
        • About MST Edelstahlrohr
          Our history
          Service
          ISO Certificate
          News & events
          Career
          Partner
          Downloads
      • Industries
      • Technical
        • Grades
          Sizes
          Packing
      • Service
        • Tube standards
          Certification
          Hardness equivalents
          BWG & SWG Conversion
          Types of corrosion
          Elements & symbols
          Calculation of tube weight
          Conversion factors
          Pressure calculation
          Tolerances
      • Contact
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          Merinox B.V.
          Merinox Ltd

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Pressure calculation

Safe pipe pressure

Pressure calculation formula for stainless steel and nickel pipes

Pipe specifications do not include recommendations for maintenance or burst pressure requirements. However, Barlow's formula is commonly used in industry to approximate the burst pressures of thin-walled ductile iron pipe. Working pressures or allowable pressures are obtained by taking into account a safety factor (SF) to reduce the pressure from the level at which rupture is very likely to occur to an acceptable risk of rupture.

This is a complex matter with many factors to consider such as: what people have access to; general safety; corrosion; fatigue; manufacturing changes (bends, flares), codes and insurance; seismic stability and temperature to name a few.

Many engineers use the maximum tensile strength (UTS) to calculate a burst pressure and the yield strength (YS) plus a safety factor (SF) to calculate the working pressure. Using the yield strength without adding a safety factor (SF = 1) gives the approximate theoretical pressure at which the pipe will begin to plastically deform.

One should use the actual wall thickness or a conservatively assumed wall thickness for the calculations. For example, a wall thickness of 1.65 mm or 0.065" (aw) should probably be 0.060" or close to the minimum allowable wall thickness. One should also use the actual outside diameter of the pipe for calculation rather than the nominal pipe sizes (1" AD/25.40 mm is nominally 27.94 mm).

The formula according to Barlow for the pressure calculation is as follows:

Barlow Formel

Where:

P = max. working pressure (psig)

S = material strength (psi) (permissible stress)

T = wall thickness (in)

OD = outside diameter (in)

SF = Safety factor (generally 1.5 to 10)

The Barlow formula assumes optimum conditions at room temperature.

Material strength

The material strength is determined by the tensile test, which measures the clamping force and the deformation on a test piece.

  • the load that results in a permanent deformation of 0.2% is called the yield strength
  • the load that results in fracture is called tensile strength

The strength of our bright annealed pipes (minimum requirements) is:

Material ASTM Yield strength (PSI) Tensile strength (PSI)
304 A269 30.000 75.000
304L A269 25.000 70.000
316 A269 30.000 75.000
316L A269 25.000 70.000
316Ti A269 30.000 71.000
321 A269 30.000 71.000
310S A269 30.000 75.000
317L A213 35.000 75.000
904L A269 45.000 98.000
6Mo A269 45.000 98.000
31803 A789 65.000 90.000
32750 A789 80.000 116.000
400 B165 28.000 70.000
600 B167 35.000 80.000
625 B444 60.000 120.000
825 B423 35.000 85.000
C276 B622 41.000 100.000
C22 B622 45.000 100.000
TiGr2 B338 40.000 50.000
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